Etude comparative de l’effet antifongique entre l’association Carvacrol - Eugénol et le Miconazole contre la stomatite sous prothétique chez l’édenté total appareillé

Abstract

Denture stomatitis (DS), a common lesion in toothless, caused by Candida albicans. Due to the recurrence and known resistance to antifungals, we will attempt to compare the antifungal activity of thyme and clove plants (containing carvacrol and eugenol) with that of Miconazole, and to determine their effective concentrations, by elsewhere the prevalence of DS was sought and the causative agent identified. Material and Methods: The prevalence of DS was calculated in patients recruited from the Tlemcen Dental Prosthesis Department. 78 smears were performed on the maxillary prostheses to look for the causative agent. The essential oils of Thymus fontanesii (Thyme: plant endemic to Algeria) and Syzygium aromanticum (Clove: Origin Indonesia) were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by CPG-SM. The antifungal activity of a gel prepared on the basis of their mixture was compared with that of Miconazole, as well as their anti-biofilm activity tested in experimentation on acrylic resin samples, vis-à-vis Candida albicans strains by micro dilution in measuring absorbance. The cytotoxicity of the gel was evaluated on human gingival fibroblasts placed in direct contact. The data was processed by SPSS version 23 and GraphPad version 5. Results: Prosthetic stomatitis was found in 32% of our fitted patients. Candida albicans was isolated on 59% of the maxillary prostheses, a bi and tri-species contamination was also noted. Carvacrol and Eugenol were the main compounds in Thyme and Cloves. Thyme oil was the most active, dose dependent. A combination effect of the two essential oils has made it possible to reduce individual concentrations by one level. The antifungal efficacy and the anti-biofilm character of the formulated gel was found to be similar to that of Miconazole. The gel was as effective as Miconazole. The gel used was not toxic to human gingival fibroblasts, nor to histological sections. Conclusion: The results we have obtained are interesting and can open up prospects for industrial applications in pharmaceuticals